The Democratic Roots of Judaism

Introduction

A group of Limmud eficiandos and Pardes alumni host a weekly class in which teachers volunteer their Torah and participants donate to tzedakah. Meesh Hammer-Kossoy’s class, given at the home of Pardes alumna Sara Argamon, is a discussion of the democratic roots of Judaism, as well as the points of tension.

After looking at the statements of famous moderns about the relationship of Judaism and democracy, the group turns to the traditional sources. Using Talmudic texts, they investigate the Jewish values of separation and balance of power, freedom of speech and multiplicity of voices, majority rule, and limits on power. The final part of the class quickly surveys a retinue of other common values such as freedom and equality, as well as recognizes the major tensions between some Torah values and democracy.

Meesh Hammer-Kossoy

Rabbi Dr. Meesh Hammer-Kossoy is Director of the Year Program and Rosh Beit Midrash at Pardes, where she has taught since 1999. Originally from Washington, D.C., Meesh is a Pardes alumna herself, attending the Year Program in 1991-1992. Meesh holds degrees from Brandeis University and New York University, and received Orthodox ordination from Beit Midrash Har’el in 2015.

Meesh previously taught at NYU, Drisha, and Midreshet Lindenbaum. She has received multiple fellowships, including from ATID, the Memorial Foundation, and the National Foundation for Jewish Culture. Despite having written her doctoral dissertation about criminal punishment in the Talmudic period, Meesh is known by her husband and three children as a lover of mercy and kindness.